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Telephone phobia (telephonophobia, telephobia, phone phobia) is reluctance or fear of making or taking phone calls, literally, "fear of telephone". It is considered to be a type of social phobia or social anxiety.〔 It may be compared to glossophobia, in that both arise from having to engage with an audience, and the associated fear of being criticized, judged or made a fool of. As is common with other fears and phobias, there is a wide spectrum of severity of the fear of phone conversations and corresponding difficulties.〔 In 1993 it was reported that about 2.5 million people in Great Britain have telephone phobia.〔As cited in: "The Newspapers Handbook". By Richard Keeble, Third edition, 2001, ISBN 0-415-24083-2, (p. 64 )〕 The term "telephone apprehension" refers to a lower degree of telephone phobia, in which sufferers experience anxiety about the use of telephones, but to a less severe degree than that of an actual phobia. Sufferers may have no problem communicating face to face, but have difficulty doing so over the telephone. ==Causes== Fear of receiving calls may range from the action or thought of answering the phone to fear of its actual ringing. The ringing can generate a string of anxieties, characterized by thoughts associated with having to speak, perform and converse.〔 Sufferers may perceive the other end as threatening or intimidating, Anxiety may be triggered by concerns that the caller may bear bad or upsetting news, or be a prank caller. Fear of making calls may be associated with concerns about finding an appropriate time to call, in fear of being a nuisance.〔 A sufferer calling a household or office in which they know several people may be concerned at the prospect of failing to recognize the voice of the person who answers, with resultant embarrassment.〔 Some sufferers may be anxious about having to "perform" in front of a real or perceived audience at their end of the line: this is a particular problem for those required to use a phone in the workplace.〔 Fear of using the phone in any context (for either making or receiving calls) may be associated with anxiety about poor sound quality, and concerns that one or other party will not understand what has been said, resulting either in misunderstandings, or in the need for repetition, further explanation, or other potentially awkward forms of negotiation. These fears are often linked to the absence of body language over a phone line, and the individual fearing a loss of their sense of control.〔〔 Sufferers typically report fear that they might fail to respond appropriately in the conversation,〔 or find themselves with nothing to say, leading to embarrassing silence, stammering, or stuttering.〔〔 Past experiences, such as receiving traumatic news, or enduring an unpleasant and angry call, may also play a part in creating fear.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Telephone phobia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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